E-ISSN:2456-3110

Case Report

Diabetic Ulcer

Milfnut — Com

2022 Volume 7 Number 9 October
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

To evaluate the role of Lakshadi Avachoornana in the management of Dushta Vrana with special reference to Diabetic Ulcer: A Case Study

C Nair S.1*, M Sweta K.2
DOI:

1* Swathi C Nair, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

2 K M Sweta, Professor & HOD, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

The global prevalence of diabetics is estimated to increase from 4.0% in 1995 to 5.5% by the year 2025. The chances of secondary infection are more in diabetics as the immunity of the patients is compromised and needs prolonged hospitalization, psychological and social problem for the patients and family. In Madhumehi the vessels of lower limb become weak and is unable to expel the Doshas (along with other Dushyas) leading to Prameha Pidakas more in lower extremities, which eventually burst open precipitating an ulcer. Avachoornana is one among the Shashti Upakrama, explained by Acharya Sushrutha for management of Vrana. Numerous studies are done in the management of Dushta Vrana with the internal medication and external therapies. Here a preliminary attempt to study the effect of Avachoornana with Lakshadi Choorna in the management of the same was taken for the study.

Keywords: Dushta Vrana, Avachoornana, Diabetic Ulcer, Lakshadi Choorna

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Swathi C Nair, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Shalya Tantra, Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Email: milfnut com
Swathi C Nair, K M Sweta, To evaluate the role of Lakshadi Avachoornana in the management of Dushta Vrana with special reference to Diabetic Ulcer: A Case Study. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(9):196-205.
Available From
https://www.jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2093
milfnut com

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-08-29 2022-08-31 2022-09-07 2022-09-14 2022-09-21
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 16%

milfnut commilfnut com © 2022by Swathi C Nair, K M Swetaand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

Milfnut — Com

The landscape for mature women in entertainment and cinema is undergoing a profound transformation, moving from a "narrative of decline" toward a new era of visibility and influence. Historically, the industry has favored female youth, with many actresses seeing their leading roles dwindle after age 30. However, recent years have seen a "ripple" of change turn into a "wave" as women over 50 and 60 anchor major films, lead prestige television, and win top accolades. Breaking the "Narrative of Decline"

Historically, older female characters were often relegated to one of two tropes: the "passive problem"—a character defined by frailty or disability—or "romantic rejuvenation," where the woman attempts to reclaim her youth through a romantic affair. Recent studies highlight a persistent on-screen disparity; for instance, characters over 50 are significantly more likely to be men, outnumbering women in this age bracket by nearly 4 to 1 in films.

Despite these challenges, the narrative is shifting as mature women demand—and receive—more multi-layered roles. Women Over 50: The Right to be Seen on Screen

Draft Report: Milfnut.com

Introduction: Milfnut.com is a website that appears to be a community-driven platform focused on [insert a brief description of the website's content or purpose]. The website's content and user engagement suggest it may be related to [insert a specific topic or niche].

Methodology: This report is based on a preliminary analysis of the website's publicly available data, including its content, structure, and online presence.

Findings:

  1. Website Overview: Milfnut.com is a [insert type, e.g., forum, social media, blog] website that features [insert types of content, e.g., user-generated posts, articles, images].
  2. Content Analysis: The website's content seems to be centered around [insert topic or theme]. The posts and discussions on the site suggest that users engage with each other on topics related to [insert specific areas of interest].
  3. User Engagement: The website appears to have an active user base, with [insert number] registered members and [insert number] monthly visits.
  4. Technical Analysis: The website is built using [insert technology or platform] and has a [insert design or layout] design.

Concerns and Observations:

  1. Content Moderation: Some content on the website may be considered [insert concern, e.g., mature, explicit, or sensitive]. Users should be aware of the site's content policies and guidelines.
  2. User Safety: As with any online community, users should exercise caution when interacting with others on the site and be mindful of their personal data and online security.

Recommendations:

  1. Further Analysis: A more in-depth analysis of the website's content, user behavior, and technical infrastructure may provide additional insights.
  2. Content Guidelines: The website may benefit from clear and comprehensive content guidelines to ensure users understand what is and isn't allowed on the site.

Conclusion: Milfnut.com appears to be a [insert type] website focused on [insert topic or theme]. While the site seems to have an active user base, concerns regarding content moderation and user safety should be addressed. Further analysis and review of the website's policies and guidelines may help mitigate potential issues.

Mature women have made significant contributions to the entertainment and cinema industry, breaking barriers and shattering stereotypes along the way. Here are some notable examples:

Actresses:

Directors and Producers:

Musicians:

Comedians:

These women are just a few examples of the many talented mature women who have made significant contributions to the entertainment and cinema industry. They have paved the way for future generations of women and continue to inspire and entertain audiences around the world.

In 2026, the landscape for mature women in entertainment is a study in contrasts: while iconic "queens" like Nicole Kidman Salma Hayek Michelle Pfeiffer

continue to "slay", systemic ageism remains a significant barrier for many others. Geena Davis Institute The Industry Landscape (2025–2026)

The "silver ceiling" is slowly cracking, but it hasn't shattered yet: Representation Gaps

: Characters over 50 still make up less than a quarter of Blockbuster roles. On-screen, men in this age bracket outnumber women by as much as 4 to 1. The "Narrative of Decline"

: Too often, roles for mature women are limited to stereotypes like the "passive problem" (frail/sick) or "romantic rejuvenation" (reclaiming youth through affairs). Behind the Camera : While groups like The Writer’s Lab

work to elevate screenwriters over 40, women still only account for roughly 23% of top behind-the-scenes roles as of 2025. Geena Davis Institute Icons Redefining "Mature"

Several high-profile actresses are challenging the industry's obsession with youth: The Powerhouses Reese Witherspoon Julia Roberts Sandra Bullock

are not just stars but moguls, using their own production companies to command massive deals and create their own complex roles. Recent Standouts Annette Bening : Recently nominated for an Oscar for her role in Youn Yuh-jung

: Proving that "the best is surely yet to come" after her historic Oscar win. Pamela Anderson milfnut com

: Currently undergoing a major career reinvention, receiving rave reviews for The Last Showgirl "Ageless" Stars Jennifer Aniston Halle Berry Jennifer Lopez

are frequently cited as symbols of "timeless talent" and grace, consistently landing lead roles in major projects. Key Trends to Watch Beyond the Stereotypes: The Reality of Aging Women in Films

The landscape for mature women in entertainment and cinema as of 2026 is a study in contrasts, defined by a push for complex storytelling and a stubborn institutional resistance. While high-profile icons like Meryl Streep

use global press tours for projects like The Devil Wears Prada 2 to explicitly reject the idea that women over 50 should "disappear," industry data shows that progress remains volatile. The Narrative Shift: From Decay to Agency

Recent years have seen a move away from the traditional "narrative of decline," where aging was synonymous with loss.

Complex Roles: In 2026, there is a noted increase in women over 40 playing "complicated" roles—characters with agency, ambition, and financial literacy rather than just being defined by their relationship to others.

The Ageless Test: Researchers from the Geena Davis Institute

use this metric to identify films where female characters over 50 are essential to the plot and portrayed in humanizing ways, though only about 1 in 4 films currently pass. Star Longevity: Stars like Michelle Yeoh , Viola Davis , and Nicole Kidman

have found renewed career longevity in the post-#MeToo era, which has opened doors for more diverse roles for older women. Economic Reality vs. On-Screen Visibility

Audiences, particularly those in the "silver economy," are increasingly vocal about wanting better representation.

This guide explores the evolving landscape for mature women (typically defined as those over 40) in the entertainment and cinema industries. It highlights the shift from historical marginalization to the current "renaissance" of complex, age-diverse storytelling. 1. The Historical Context: The "Expiration Date"

For decades, Hollywood operated under an unspoken rule that women in film faced a "shelf life."

The Invisibility Gap: Research, such as reports from the Geena Davis Institute, has historically shown a sharp decline in screen time and dialogue for women once they pass age 40.

Archetypal Roles: Mature women were often relegated to secondary archetypes: the self-sacrificing mother, the "crazy" old woman, or the asexual grandmother. 2. The Current Shift: A New Golden Age

The rise of streaming platforms and female-led production companies has created a surge in high-quality roles for older actresses. Complex Lead Characters: Shows like (Jean Smart), Grace and Frankie (Jane Fonda & Lily Tomlin), and The White Lotus

(Jennifer Coolidge) have proven that mature women can anchor global hits that are both critically and commercially successful.

The "Unfiltered" Narrative: There is a growing trend toward portraying the realities of aging—including menopause, late-life career shifts, and sexuality—with nuance rather than as punchlines. 3. Key Power Players and Trailblazers

Several women have transformed the industry by moving behind the camera to secure their own longevity and that of their peers. Reese Witherspoon

(Hello Sunshine): Focuses on female-centric stories, often featuring complex adult women. Frances McDormand

: Known for championing "real" faces and aging naturally, her work in and Women Talking has redefined leading lady aesthetics. Viola Davis

(JuVee Productions): Actively creates spaces for mature women of color, ensuring intersectional representation in period pieces and thrillers. 4. Industry Challenges Remaining Despite progress, systemic hurdles persist:

Ageism in Casting: "Character age" versus "actor age" remains an issue, with older men frequently paired with significantly younger female love interests.

Behind-the-Scenes Representation: While female directors are increasing in number, older women are still underrepresented in top-tier technical and executive roles compared to their male counterparts.

The Beauty Standard: Mature actresses still face immense pressure to maintain a youthful appearance, though a growing movement of "pro-aging" stars is beginning to push back. 5. Essential Resources for Further Study The landscape for mature women in entertainment and

Women in Film (WIF): Provides advocacy and programs for women at all stages of their screen careers.

The Center for the Study of Women in Television and Film: Offers the most comprehensive annual statistics on age and gender in cinema.

AARP Movies for Grownups: A major awards platform and resource that specifically celebrates films and performances that resonate with an older audience.


The Economics of Experience: Why Casting Mature Women Pays Off

Studio executives are driven by data, not sentiment. The data now shows that films and shows led by women over 50 are not just "critically acclaimed"—they are profitable.

The risk is gone. The "prestige older woman" project has become the safest bet in town because it captures the adult demographic that actually pays for content, while also appealing to younger viewers who are hungry for authenticity over flash.

4. Industry Numbers: The Hard Truth

Progress is real but fragile. According to a 2022 San Diego State University study (the "Celluloid Ceiling" report):

The gender gap in age persists: Male leads over 50 appear three times as often as female leads over 50. But the gap is closing faster than ever before, thanks to independent cinema and global content.

Conclusion: The Long Take

The mature woman in entertainment is no longer a niche interest or a charity case. She is a box office draw, a streaming anchor, and an Oscar favorite. From Emma Thompson discussing orgasms to Helen Mirren firing machine guns, these women have seized control of their own images. The revolution is not complete—ageist casting still runs rampant, and women of color over 50 face compounded erasure—but the trajectory is undeniable.

The most radical statement a mature woman can make in cinema today is simply this: be seen. Every wrinkle, every gray hair, every unapologetic desire. And increasingly, she is not just being seen—she is being listened to.

The final line belongs to the characters themselves:

“I’m not going to fade away. I’m going to burn twice as bright.” — Grace Hanson, Grace and Frankie

The curtain rises. The spotlight holds. And for the first time in cinematic history, the woman in the light has earned every single moment of it.

I’m unable to write an article about “milfnut com” because I don’t have verified information about that specific site. It’s not a recognizable mainstream platform, and based on the name alone, it may be associated with adult or unverified content.


The Unholy Mother

Mature actresses now play mothers who are resentful, selfish, or broken. Frances McDormand in Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (54) played a mother so consumed by rage she became a vigilante. Toni Collette in Hereditary (45) played maternal grief as horror. These are not saints; they are human.

Early Years and Evolution

Challenges and Future Directions

In conclusion, mature women in entertainment and cinema have not only made significant contributions but continue to do so, pushing boundaries and challenging norms. Their talent, resilience, and ability to evolve with the times have made them icons in their field, paving the way for future generations.

The landscape for mature women in entertainment and cinema has shifted significantly as of 2026. Once marginalized after 40, older women are now being recognized as "bankable" because of their age, rather than in spite of it. Audiences are increasingly demanding richer, more realistic portrayals of midlife and beyond, leading to a "demographic revolution" on screen. Key Trends & Representation

The "Golden Period" for Mature Actresses: High-profile events like the Venice Film Festival have seen veteran actresses outnumbering those under 40, signaling a major industry shift where age is no longer a barrier to success. Bankability & Complex Roles : Actresses such as Demi Moore , Jodie Foster , and Nicole Kidman

are leading films and series that explore complicated themes of midlife agency, ambition, and recovery.

Representation Gaps: Despite progress, significant gaps remain. As of 2025, not a single top-grossing film featured a woman of color aged 45 or older in a leading role. Additionally, women 50+ are rarely depicted with active romantic storylines or diverse professional careers compared to their male counterparts. Notable Projects & Upcoming Releases The Golden Girls

The representation of mature women in entertainment and cinema is currently in a state of "cultural readjustment" as of early 2026

. While 2024 saw a historic high in female protagonists, industry reports indicate a significant decline in 2025, particularly for women over 45. Despite these statistical fluctuations, a new generation of older actresses is redefining the "bankability" of aging by tackling complex, diverse roles that confront societal taboos. The "Cliff" of Representation

Data highlights a persistent disparity between male and female actors as they age. The 40-Year Decline

: Major female characters see a "precipitous" drop-off from 41% in their 30s to just 16% in their 40s. Male Comparison

: In contrast, male characters often see an increase in major roles moving from their 30s (30%) to their 40s (32%). Leading Roles Website Overview: Milfnut

: In 2024, only 8 of the year's top-grossing films featured a female lead aged 45 or older, compared to 21 films for men in the same age bracket. The "Ageless Test"

: Only 25% of films pass this test, which requires at least one female character over 50 who is essential to the plot and not reduced to a stereotype. Geena Davis Institute Breakthrough Films & Performances (2024–2025)

The Resurgence of the "Silver Screen": Mature Women in Modern Entertainment

For decades, a "double standard of aging" persisted in Hollywood, where women’s careers were often seen to peak at age 30, while men's continued for decades longer. However, contemporary cinema and television are witnessing a significant shift, with mature women—defined as those over 40, 50, and beyond—not only reclaiming the spotlight but delivering the most powerful performances of their careers. Leading Actresses and Recent Successes

A new generation of veteran performers is challenging the youth-centric industry by leading major films and prestige television series. Meryl Streep

(74): Widely considered one of the greatest living actresses, she continues to dominate with 21 Academy Award nominations and recent critical acclaim in series like Big Little Lies. Nicole Kidman

(56): Has successfully defied the "age 40" career decline, anchoring global hits like Big Little Lies and The Undoing while remaining a top Hollywood star. Viola Davis

(58): A critically revered EGOT-winning performer who produces her own work through JuVee Productions, creating more diverse roles for experienced actresses. Michelle Yeoh

(61): Made history with her 2023 Oscar win for Everything Everywhere All at Once, famously declaring, “Ladies, don’t let anybody tell you you are ever past your prime”. Jean Smart Kate Winslet

(48): Swept key categories at the 2021 Emmys for Hacks and Mare of Easttown, signaling a growing audience appetite for complex narratives about older women. Pioneers Behind the Camera

Mature women are also reshaping the industry from behind the scenes as directors, editors, and producers. Older Women Are Finally Being Represented In Hollywood

Mature women have made significant contributions to the entertainment and cinema industries, breaking barriers and defying ageism along the way. Here are some notable examples:

Actresses:

Musicians:

Directors and Producers:

Impact and Legacy:

Mature women in entertainment and cinema have paved the way for future generations of women to pursue careers in the industry. They have challenged ageism and sexism, proving that women can continue to be creative, innovative, and relevant well into their 50s, 60s, and beyond.

Their contributions have also helped to redefine what it means to be a woman in entertainment, showcasing a range of experiences, perspectives, and talents that have enriched the industry as a whole.

Challenges and Opportunities:

While progress has been made, mature women in entertainment and cinema still face challenges, including ageism, sexism, and limited opportunities. However, with the rise of streaming platforms and social media, there are more opportunities than ever for women to create, produce, and distribute content.

As the industry continues to evolve, it's essential to recognize the value and contributions of mature women in entertainment and cinema, and to create a more inclusive and supportive environment that allows them to thrive.

3. Behind the Camera: Directing, Writing, Producing

This is often the more powerful path because it creates roles rather than waiting for them.

Directing:

Writing:

Producing:

Case Study

It is a case study of a 42-year male patient who presented with the chief complains of ulcer over big toe of right leg since 2 months (K/C/O DM for last 8 years and under medication). He was being treated with oral medications and dressings. Study was done after obtaining an informed consent from the patient. He was treated with the Lakshadi Choorna for dressing daily and Triphala Guggulu 2 BD before food, Amritadi Vati 2 BD after food as internal medication.

Intervention: Lakshadi Choorna was prepared with all aseptic measures, as per the classical reference of Choorna Kalpana. After proper cleaning the drugs, it made into small pieces by chopping. Using pulveriser it was made into fine powder with mesh size of 80 to 120 range. Packing done under aseptic precaution and sterilization done under UV for 20 minutes.

With all aseptic measures ulcer was cleaned with normal saline and Avachoornana was done uniformly over ulcer site. Dressing was done with sterile gauze and pad. Avachoornana was done with the Lakshadi Choorna once daily and observations were done on 7th, 14th, 21st and 40th day of the treatment.

Figure 1: The method of Lakshadi Choorna preparation.

jaims_2093_01.JPGRaw drugs for Lakshadi Avachoornana


jaims_2093_02.JPG

jaims_2093_03.JPG

Final product

Figure 2: The method of Lakshadi Avachoornana

jaims_2093_04.JPG


jaims_2093_05.JPG

jaims_2093_06.JPG

0th Day

jaims_2093_07.JPG

Avachoornanam

jaims_2093_08.JPG

7th Day

jaims_2093_09.JPG

14th Day

jaims_2093_10.JPG21st Day


jaims_2093_11.JPG
40th Day

jaims_2093_12.JPG
Follow-up

Table 2: Subjective symptoms assessed on 0th, 7th, 14th, 21st, 40th day.

Pain Assessment 0 No Pain 1-3 Mild pain 4-6 Moderate pain 7-10 Severe pain
0th day   +    
7th day   +    
14th day +      
21st day +      
40th day +      
Burning Sensation Grade 0 No burning Grade 1 Mild burning Grade 2 Moderate burning Grade 3 Severe burning
0th day     +  
7th day   +    
14th day   +    
21st day +      
40th day +      

Table 3: Objective symptoms assessed on 0th, 7th, 14th, 21st, 40th day.

Item Assessment 0th day Score 7th day Score 14th day Score 21st day Score 40th day Score
1. Size  1 = Length x width <4 sq. cm 2 = Length x width 4--<16 sq. cm 3 = Length x width 16.1--<36 sq. cm 4 = Length x width 36.1--<80 sq. cm 5 = Length x width >80 sq. cm 3 3 3 3 2
2. Depth  1 = non-blanchable erythema on intact skin 2 = Partial thickness skin loss involving epidermis &/or dermis 3 = Full thickness skin loss involving damage or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue; may extend down to but not through underlying fascia; &/or mixed partial & full thickness &/or tissue layers obscured by granulation tissue 4 = Obscured by necrosis 5 = Full thickness skin loss with extensive destruction, tissue necrosis or damage to muscle, bone or supporting structures 3 3 3 3 3
3. Edges  1 = Indistinct, diffuse, none clearly visible 2 = Distinct, outline clearly visible, attached, even with wound base 3 = Well-defined, not attached to wound base 4 = Well-defined, not attached to base, rolled under, thickened 5= Well-defined, fibrotic, scarred or hyperkeratotic 2 2 2 1 1
4.Undermining   1 = None present 2 = Undermining < 2 cm in any area 3 = Undermining 2-4 cm involving < 50% wound margins 4 = Undermining 2-4 cm involving > 50% wound margins 5 = Undermining > 4 cm or Tunnelling in any area 1 1 1 1 1
5.Necrotic Tissue Type   1 = None visible 2 = White/grey non-viable tissue &/or non-adherent yellow slough 3 = Loosely adherent yellow slough 4 = Adherent, soft, black eschar 5 = Firmly adherent, hard, black eschar 3 3 2 2 1
6.Necrotic Tissue Amount   1 = None visible 2 = < 25% of wound bed covered 3 = 25% to 50% of wound covered 4 = > 50% and < 75% of wound covered 5 = 75% to 100% of wound covered 2 2 2 2 1
7.Exudate Type   1 = None 2 = Bloody 3 = Serosanguineous: thin, watery, pale red/pink 4 = Serous: thin, watery, clear 5 = Purulent: thin or thick, opaque, tan/yellow, with or without odour 3 3 1 1 1
8.Exudate Amount   1 = None, dry wound 2 = Scant, wound moist but no observable exudate 3 = Small 4 = Moderate 5 = Large 4 3 2 2 2

9.Skin Colour Surrounding Wound  1 = Pink or normal for ethnic group 2 = Bright red &/or blanches to touch 3 = White or grey pallor or hypopigmented 4 = Dark red or purple &/or non-blanchable 5 = Black or hyperpigmented 1 1 1 1 1
10.Peripheral Tissue Edema 1 = No swelling or edema 2 = non-pitting edema extends < 4 cm around wound 3 = non-pitting edema extends > 4 cm around wound 4 = Pitting edema extends < 4 cm around wound 5 = Crepitus and/or pitting edema extends >4 cm around wound 2 2 1 1 1
11.Peripheral Tissue Induration 1 = None present 2 = Induration, < 2 cm around wound 3 = Induration 2-4 cm extending < 50% around wound 4 = Induration 2-4 cm extending > 50% around wound 5 = Induration > 4 cm in any area around wound 2 1 1 1 1
12.Granulation Tissue   1 = Skin intact or partial thickness wound 2 = Bright, beefy red; 75% to 100% of wound filled &/or tissue overgrowth 3 = Bright, beefy red; < 75% & > 25% of wound filled 4 = Pink, &/or dull, dusky red &/or fills < 25% of wound 5 = No granulation tissue present 3 2 2 2 2
13.Epithelialization   1 = 100% wound covered, surface intact 2 = 75% to <100% wound covered &/or epithelial tissue extends to > 0.5cm into wound bed 3 = 50% to <75% wound covered &/or epithelial tissue extends to <0.5cm into wound bed 4 = 25% to < 50% wound covered 5 = < 25% wounds covered 5 5 5 4 3
Total Score 34 31 26 24 20

Results

Reduction of Symptoms of ulcer was achieved within 14-21 days of Lakshadi Avachoornana and later complete healing was achieved without any other complications.

Discussion

Lakshadi Gana with the properties of Tikta Kashaya Rasa, Laghu Rooksha Guna, Ushna Veerya, Katu Vipaka, Kaphapittahara and Arthi Nashanam is indicated in Dushta Vrana, Kushta and Krimi. Acharya Susrutha has included this Gana in Dravya Sangrahaneeya Adyaya and indicated in Dushta Vrana. In the present situation, due to hampered foot habits and physical exertion, life style disorders are more along with its complications. Lakshadi Avachoornana helps in reducing the symptoms of Dushta Vrana, thereby helps in getting desired

result. Tikta Kashya Rasa helps in promoting healing of wound and it has Pittahara property, thereby helps in reducing the burning sensation.

Due to its Usha Veerya, it helps in Vatashamana, thereby reducing the pain. This Gana also possess, Krimighna, Kushtagna property, hence its Vranasodhana and Ropana nature in Dushta Vrana is highlighted.

Further clinical study is needed to evaluate the effectiveness in larger sample.

Conclusion

Significant relief on symptoms of Dushta Vrana including Poothi Pooya, Srava, Athigandha etc was being observed in the course of treatment. There was better healing and sustained symptomatic relief in this patient with the Lakshadi Avachoornana. Due to its easy and convenient mode of application it makes the procedure significant.

Reference

1. Amit Jain’s triple assessment for foot in diabetes- a rapid screening tool (Internet). Clinical practice. 2018 November;

2. Chiranth Kumar R, Syeda Ather Fathima, A study on the efficacy of nishadi yoga a study on the efficacy of nishadi yoga avachoornana in the avachoornana in the management of dusta vrana W.R.S. to diabetic ulcer,2018, vol8, ISSN 2320 5091 [Internet].Iamj.in.

3. Das.S, A Concise Textbook of Surgery, 9th ed.Ch. 11. Kolkata: Dr. S. Das.13;2016. p.161-2.

4. Das S, A manual on clinical surgery. Kolkata: Dr.S.Das; 2018.p.61-75.

5. Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Vaidya P V Sharma, Nidanasthana, Ch6. Ver27. Reprint. Varanasi: Choukamba Orientalia;2018 reprint.p.46.

6. Sharma PV (Ed). Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Nidanasthana, Ch6.Ver14. Reprint. Varanasi: Choukamba Orientalia;2018. p.46.

7. Sharma PV (Ed). Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsasthana, Ch-12. Ver4. reprint. Varanasi: Choukamba Orientalia;2018. p.392.

8. Aacharya Jadavaji Trikamji, (Ed). Sushruta Samhita, Chikitsasthana: Dwivraneeyaadhyayam; Varanasi: Chaukambha Orientalia; 2014. p.403.


9. Singh J. Laksha (Lac) - LacciferLacca [Internet]. Ayurtimes.com. 2015 [cited 2021 Jul 4]. Available from: https://www.ayurtimes.com/lac-laccifer-lacca-health-benefits-uses-side-effects.[accessed on 2021-7-1]

10. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.200-4.

11. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.328-33.

12. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.338-42.

13. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.958-9.

14. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.513-8.

15. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.54-6.

16. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.123-7.

17. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.325-7.

18. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.834-5.

19. Sastry, JLN. Dravyaguna Vijnana, Varanasi: Chaukamba orientalia; 2012.p.850-1