ISO 3691-4:2023 is the international safety standard for "driverless industrial trucks," providing the primary safety framework for modern warehouse and factory automation like Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) and Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs). This standard, which superseded the 2020 version, is critical for manufacturers seeking CE certification in the European Union. JLC Robotics Key Safety Requirements
The standard defines how autonomous vehicles must interact safely with humans and their environment. TÜV Rheinland Active Detection Fields
: Clearly defines requirements for sensors (like LIDAR) to detect obstacles and trigger safety stops. Operational Stop
: Specifies the function and distances for stopping mechanisms to ensure immediate safety during hazards. Operating Zones
: Includes Annex A, which dictates how environments (restricted vs. shared zones) must be prepared for safe robot operation. Functional Safety
: Sets performance levels for control systems, braking, and navigation to prevent unintended restarts or failure-related accidents. iTeh Standards Who Needs This Standard?
This document is essential for various stakeholders in the automation lifecycle: iTeh Standards Manufacturers : To design robots that meet global safety benchmarks. System Integrators
: To prepare facility layouts and ensure robots interact safely with existing equipment. Safety Engineers
: To conduct required risk assessments and verification tests before commissioning. iTeh Standards
Authorized resources for obtaining and implementing ISO 3691-4 Official Standards Compliance Guides Safety Components Authoritative Standard Sources
The full, official text of the standard can be purchased directly from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
. This is the definitive source for the most recent 2023 version.
Regional versions, such as the European harmonized standard, are available through organizations like the
, which also offers 'Tracked Changes' versions to compare the 2023 and 2020 editions.
For those requiring local compliance in Ireland or Europe, the NSAI (National Standards Authority of Ireland) provides the adopted EN ISO document used for CE marking. Implementation & Compliance Analysis
offers detailed news summaries explaining the key technical changes for manufacturers and operators, focusing on detection fields and stop functions.
Technical breakdowns of how the standard impacts mobile robot safety (AGVs/AMRs) can be found at JLC Robotics
, highlighting how it governs interaction with human workers.
For a broader view on international compliance and testing procedures, Applus+ Laboratories
details the verification requirements necessary for EU market entry. Technical Solutions for ISO 3691-4
To meet standard requirements for 'active detection fields,' manufacturers often integrate sensors from providers like
, which lists compatible safety laser scanners and radar systems.
Guidance on speed monitoring and stability requirements during protective stops is provided by the
, which serves as a helpful technical reference for US-based engineering teams. 2020 and 2023 versions , or do you need help identifying which specific sensors are required to meet these safety levels? AI responses may include mistakes. Learn more iso 36914 pdf
ISO 3691-4:2023 Safety Requirements for Driverless Industrial Trucks
ISO 3691-4:2023 is the primary global safety standard for driverless industrial trucks, including Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). It replaces the older EN 1525 standard and establishes rigorous requirements for safe design, operation, and maintenance. Key Takeaways from the Standard
Safety Focus: It defines safety requirements for automated forklift trucks and their systems, focusing on mitigating hazards in industrial environments.
Zone Preparation: Detailed considerations are provided for preparing "operating zones" to ensure robots and humans can coexist safely.
Verification: The standard mandates dynamic tests and verification methods to ensure health and safety requirements are met before a system is commissioned.
Operating Conditions: For severe conditions (extreme climates, freezer applications, etc.), it requires designers to perform additional risk assessments as there are no "universal" clear limits for outdoor use. Expert & User Reviews ISO 3691-4:2020 A Standard for Automated Guided Vehicles.
It is a common query to look for "ISO 36914 PDF" hoping to find a free download of the full text.
Important Note on Copyright: ISO standards are copyrighted documents developed by the International Organization for Standardization. They are not legally available for free download. Purchasing the standard supports the ongoing development of international best practices.
How to Access the Document:
| Your situation | Action | |---|---| | You need safety rules for industrial trucks | Search for ISO 3691 (PDF available) | | You need safety rules for pneumatic systems | Search for ISO 4414 (PDF available) | | You are certain the number is 36914 | Contact ISO customer service directly to confirm if it's a new/unreleased draft | | You found a site selling "ISO 36914 PDF" | Do not buy – it is almost certainly a mislabeled file |
ISO 3691-4:2023, titled "Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems," is the primary international safety standard for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and autonomous mobile robots (AMRs). Published in June 2023, this update replaces the 2020 version to better address the rapid technological advancements in autonomous material handling. Core Scope and Application
The standard specifies safety requirements for any powered industrial truck designed to operate automatically, including:
Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs).
Hybrid Trucks capable of both manual and automatic operation.
Personnel Detection Systems, ensuring trucks can detect people in their path across the full width of the vehicle and its load.
Operating Environments, defining how different zones (e.g., restricted vs. shared spaces) impact safety requirements. Key Updates in the 2023 Edition
The 2023 revision introduced more precise definitions and stricter verification methods to align with the "state of the art" in robotics:
ISO 3691-4 standard, titled "Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems,"
is the primary international safety standard for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and autonomous mobile robots (AMRs). The latest version is ISO 3691-4:2023
, which updated the 2020 edition to align with current technology and more clearly define safety requirements. Core Content and Requirements
The standard specifies safety guidelines and verification methods for driverless trucks during all life cycles, including design, operation, and maintenance. Key technical topics include: iTeh Standards Personnel Detection Systems
: Requires sensors (like laser scanners or bumpers) that detect people for the full width of the truck and its load to prevent collisions. Braking and Speed Control
: Specifies that trucks must have automatic braking systems that activate if power is lost or if control of speed/steering is compromised. Operating Zone Preparation (Annex A) ISO 3691-4:2023 is the international safety standard for
: Provides normative guidance on how to prepare the physical environment to eliminate hazards. Operational Modes
: Defines safety protocols for different modes, including automatic, manual, and maintenance modes. Functional Safety
: Aligns with ISO 13849 to establish Performance Levels (PL) for various safety functions. iTeh Standards Scope and Applications Applicable Vehicles
: Includes AGVs, AMRs, "bots," automated guided carts, and tunnel tuggers.
: Intended for manufacturers, system integrators, and safety engineers to ensure equipment meets essential health and safety requirements, particularly for CE certification in the EU. Exclusions
: Does not cover power source requirements, remotely controlled trucks, or trucks guided solely by mechanical means like rails. iTeh Standards ISO 3691-4:2020 A Standard for Automated Guided Vehicles.
ISO 3691-4:2023 is the primary international safety standard for driverless industrial trucks, including Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). Officially titled "Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems," this standard provides a comprehensive framework for the safe design, integration, and operation of automated vehicles in shared industrial environments. Key Components of ISO 3691-4
The standard is designed to address hazards throughout the entire lifecycle of a driverless truck. It covers three high-level areas of safety: the operating environment, associated hazards and risks, and protective measures.
Safety Requirements and Risk Reduction: This section outlines how to design robots for safe operation, covering both hardware (e.g., bumper design) and software (e.g., obstacle detection and avoidance).
Verification of Measures: Specific testing protocols are defined to verify that design requirements—such as braking distances and personnel detection—are met.
Operating Zone Preparation: Annex A specifies requirements for different zones (Confined, Restricted, and Hazard) based on whether they prevent unauthorized access or require specific truck speed limits.
Hazard Mitigation: Annex B lists significant hazards and their potential consequences, such as collision risks or entrapment. Technical Requirements for Automated Vehicles
ISO 3691-4:2023 sets rigorous standards for safety functions, often requiring specific Performance Levels (PL) according to ISO 13849-1.
Braking Systems: Must activate automatically upon loss of control or power and stop the truck within the detection range of safety sensors.
Personnel Detection: Systems must detect individuals in the intended path of the truck and its load.
Speed Control: Trucks must initiate an emergency stop if they exceed the rated speed specified by the manufacturer.
Emergency Stops: Functional requirements for e-stops must conform to ISO 13850. Updates in the 2023 Edition
The second edition, published in June 2023, replaced the original 2020 version to better reflect technical advancements. Major updates include:
New definitions for "active detection field" and "operational stop".
More precise definitions for stop functions and emergency stop device distances.
Expanded requirements for trucks that carry intended riders or passengers.
Better correlation with the electrical requirements of EN 1175:2020. How to Obtain the ISO 3691-4 PDF
As an international standard, ISO 3691-4:2023 is a protected document and is generally not available for free legally. It must be purchased through official standards bodies: ISO Store: You can purchase the official PDF
ISO Store: The full ISO 3691-4:2023 can be purchased directly from the International Organization for Standardization.
ANSI Webstore: Frequently used in North America, the ANSI Webstore offers the PDF for approximately $200–$250.
National Standards Bodies: Regional versions, such as EN ISO 3691-4:2023 in Europe, can be purchased from sites like EVS.ee or Standards.iteh.ai.
ISO 3691-4:2023 is the primary international safety standard for driverless industrial trucks, including Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) and Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs). It establishes critical requirements for machine design, operation, and environmental preparation to ensure safe human-robot interaction in industrial settings. Key Components & Requirements
The standard focuses on practical safety across the entire machine lifecycle: ISO 3691-4:2020 A Standard for Automated Guided Vehicles.
ISO 3691-4 standard, titled "Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems,"
is the primary international safety framework for autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) and automated guided vehicles (AGVs). The latest version, ISO 3691-4:2023
, was published in June 2023 and provides essential safety guidelines for manufacturers, integrators, and operators of these systems. Scope and Application
This standard applies to any powered industrial truck designed to operate automatically. It covers a wide range of autonomous machinery, including: Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) Automated Carts , "bots," and "tunnel tuggers". Hybrid Trucks that allow for both manual and automatic operation. Key Safety Requirements
The standard defines strict performance levels (PL) for various safety functions to ensure safe interaction between humans and autonomous machines: Personnel Detection:
Systems must be designed to stop the truck before it makes contact with a stationary person. Braking Systems:
Trucks must automatically activate brakes if control of speed or steering is lost or if the power supply is interrupted. Speed Control:
A protective stop must be triggered if the truck exceeds its rated speed. Zone Definitions:
The standard introduces specific requirements for different operating zones, such as restricted areas versus those shared with humans. Stakeholder Responsibilities
ISO 3691-4 establishes a framework of co-responsibility among three primary groups: Manufacturers (OEMs):
Responsible for the inherent safety design, risk assessments, and providing necessary documentation for the vehicle. Integrators:
Responsible for the safe installation of the trucks within a specific facility, including environmental risk assessments and risk transfer communication. End Users:
Responsible for maintaining the equipment and ensuring that operators are properly trained on safety protocols. Resources and Verification ISO 3691-4:2020(en), Industrial trucks
The hunt for an ISO 36914 pdf is more than a file download – it is an entry point into a rigorous world of quality, safety, and global interoperability. Treat the standard with respect, source it legally, and implement it diligently. Your auditors – and your customers – will thank you.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes. Standard numbers and availability change; always verify directly with ISO or your national standards body. The author is not affiliated with ISO.
Important note upfront: After checking the official ISO catalogue (including the ISO 36914 series on fluid power systems) and multiple global standards databases, ISO 36914 does not appear to be a valid, published ISO standard number as of 2026.
The most likely scenario is a typo or misremembered number. Below is what you likely need instead, along with guidance on finding the correct PDF.
Go to the official ISO.org website. Use the search bar to type the standard number (e.g., "3691"). Never trust third-party lists. If the standard does not appear, it does not exist or has been withdrawn.
Your purchased ISO 36914 pdf will have a digital watermark with your organization’s name. Place it in your Document Management System (DMS) with controlled access. Set a calendar reminder to check for revisions every 12 months on the ISO website.
Draft an audit checklist directly from the ISO 36914 pdf structure. Auditors will verify that every “shall” is addressed.